Our MEG results suggest a selective impairment in processing angry faces, which would negatively impact social functioning in VLBW children. At the behavioural level, despite VLBW children performing within the normal range, FT children had significantly higher affect recognition scores. This hypo-connected theta-band network was anchored in the left orbitofrontal and parietal regions, involved in the higher level processing of faces and emotion regulation. VLBW children showed reduced theta connectivity during processing of angry faces only. We found that VLBW children showed atypical recruitment of emotional face processing networks in theta (4-7 Hz) compared to FT children. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG), we examined the functional networks related to the implicit processing of happy and angry faces in 5-year-old VLBW (n = 28) and full-term (FT n = 24) children. Structural brain alterations have been reported in key emotional face processing regions following preterm birth however, few studies have investigated the functional networks underlying these processes in children born with very low birth weight (VLBW). 11 Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.10 Division of Neonatology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.9 Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.8 Paediatrics, Sinai Health, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada.7 Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.6 Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.5 Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada.4 Autism Research Centre, Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON M4G 1R8, Canada.3 Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.2 Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada.1 Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
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