Studies 3 and 4 corroborated these finding for different charities and in diverse samples. Study 2 showed that this salutary effect of nostalgia on charitable intentions is mediated by empathy (but not by personal distress). Study 1 found that nostalgia increases charitable intentions. Results were consistent with the hypotheses. Five studies assessed the effect of nostalgia on empathy, intentions to volunteer and donate, as well as tangible charitable behavior. On this basis, the authors hypothesized that (1) nostalgia promotes charitable intentions and behavior, and (2) this effect is mediated by empathy with the charity’s beneficiaries. It refers to significant others in the context of momentous life events and fosters a sense of social connectedness.
Nostalgia, a sentimental longing for a personally experienced and valued past, is a social emotion.
The findings pioneer the relevance of nostalgia as source of comfort in adverse weather. In Study 4, weather-evoked nostalgia was positively associated with psychological benefits. In Study 3, preventing nostalgia (via cognitive load) elevated weather-evoked distress. Also, adverse natural weather was associated with corresponding weather perceptions, which predicted elevated nostalgia. Adverse weather perceptions were positively correlated with distress, which predicted higher nostalgia. In Study 2, participants kept a 10-day diary recording weather conditions, distress, and nostalgia. In Study 1, participants listened to recordings of wind, thunder, rain, and neutral control sounds. We proposed and tested that: adverse weather evokes nostalgia (H1), adverse weather causes distress, which predicts elevated nostalgia (H2), preventing nostalgia exacerbates weather-induced distress (H3), and weather-evoked nostalgia confers psychological benefits (H4).
Four studies examined the link between adverse weather and the palliative role of nostalgia.
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